VIP – 10mg

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) Structure

Source: PubChem

What is VIP?

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is a naturally occurring 28-amino acid neuropeptide that plays a critical role in numerous physiological processes. Found primarily in the nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and immune cells, VIP has been extensively studied for its regulatory effects on smooth muscle relaxation, immune modulation, neurotransmission, and cellular repair. Its therapeutic potential is being explored in the context of inflammatory, neurological, and autoimmune conditions.

The Origin of VIP

First identified in the intestines, VIP was initially recognized for its vasodilatory effects on the vascular system. Over time, research revealed its presence in other tissues and its involvement in a wide range of biological processes, including the regulation of circadian rhythms, inflammation, and glandular secretion.

VIP and Its Unique Composition

VIP is a peptide composed of 28 amino acids with a helical structure that facilitates binding to specific receptors. These receptors, VPAC1 and VPAC2, belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family and mediate VIP's effects by activating intracellular signaling cascades, such as cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathways.

VIP’s Mechanism of Action

VIP binds to its receptors on target cells, triggering a cascade of intracellular events that regulate various cellular functions. Key mechanisms include:

• Relaxation of Smooth Muscle: VIP induces smooth muscle relaxation, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract, airways, and blood vessels.
• Immune Modulation: VIP suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), while enhancing anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10.
• Neurotransmission: VIP acts as a neuromodulator, influencing synaptic plasticity and protecting neurons from oxidative damage.
• Cellular Protection: VIP enhances cellular repair mechanisms and protects tissues from apoptosis and oxidative stress.

VIP and Its Role in Inflammatory Regulation

VIP is recognized for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown to modulate immune cell activity, suppress Th1 and Th17 inflammatory pathways, and enhance regulatory T-cell (Treg) function. These effects make VIP a promising molecule for research into autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions.

VIP and Neurological Research

VIP has significant neuroprotective effects. It supports neuronal survival, reduces oxidative damage, and enhances synaptic transmission. Studies suggest VIP may play a role in mitigating neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, as well as improving outcomes in traumatic brain injuries.

VIP in Gastrointestinal Research

VIP regulates intestinal motility, secretion, and absorption, making it a critical focus in gastrointestinal studies. It has been investigated for its potential to alleviate disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and gastroparesis.

Cardiovascular and Respiratory Effects of VIP

As a vasodilator, VIP plays a key role in regulating vascular tone and blood pressure. It also supports respiratory function by reducing airway constriction and inflammation, making it a target for research in conditions such as pulmonary hypertension and asthma.

VIP’s Role in Circadian Regulation

VIP is a major regulator of the circadian clock, particularly in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Research suggests that VIP helps synchronize biological rhythms, which has implications for studies on sleep disorders, jet lag, and shift work-related health issues.

Why VIP is a Valuable Research Molecule

VIP’s ability to target multiple physiological systems makes it an invaluable molecule in the study of health and disease. Its regulatory effects on inflammation, neuroprotection, and circadian rhythms position it as a key peptide for exploring therapies in autoimmune diseases, neurological disorders, and metabolic syndromes.

For Research Use Only

Buy Peptides Online